any level of symptom experience) for all participants. The table gives means and standard deviations of the PSS scores, and medians of the CRPPlasma and EBV-Ab levels. For nine of the 12 symptoms, women who reported the symptom had a significantly higher PSS score compared to women who did not report the symptom (p ? 0.001). Women with hot flashes and headaches had higher PSS scores, with p-values of 0.004 and 0.006, respectively – slightly above the conservative Bonferroni correction of p ? 0.001. EBV-Ab and CRPPlasma values were not significantly higher among women reporting any symptom.
Table 2 Bivariate comparisons of stress levels by symptom complaints. Means ± standard deviations for PSS scores or medians for CRPPlasma and EBV-Ab levels shown
The total number of reported symptoms for each individual was significantly correlated with the PSS score (two-tailed Spearman correlations, ? = 0.42, p < 0.001),>Plasma (? = ? 0.02, ns) nor EBV-Ab (? = ? 0.08, ns) levels. The total symptom intensity score was significantly correlated with the PSS score (? = 0.46, p < 0.001)>
Table 3 presents the covariates that remained in the models following backwards stepwise logistic regression for each symptom among all participants. Odds Ratios for PSS ranged from 1.10 (95% CI 1.04–1.15) for loss of interest in sex to 1.22 (95% CI 1.13–1.32) tiredness. Hot flashes, night sweats, and the feeling of ants crawling on the skin had p-values of 0.007, 0.004, and 0.002, respectively – slightly above the conservative Bonferroni correction of p ? 0.001. EBV-Ab and CRPPlasma levels were not significantly associated with any of the symptoms.
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When the logistic regressions were carried out separately by ethnicity, for Maya, the PSS score was significantly associated with tiredness, feeling nervous/tense, difficulty concentrating, depressed mood, and night sweats (p ? 0.001); for non-Maya, the PSS score was significantly associated with reported tiredness, depressed mood, and sleep difficulties (not shown). CRPPlasma levels and EBV-Ab values were not significantly associated with any symptom reports for ined separately.
As shown in Table 4, the PSS score was significantly associated with the intensity (nada = 0 to muchisimo = 3) of ten of the 12 reported symptoms, including hot flashes and night sweats (p ? 0.001). CRPPlasma levels and EBV-Ab values were not significantly associated with the intensity of any symptom reports. When regressions were carried out ong Maya participants, the PSS score was significantly associated with the intensity of feeling tired, muscle/joint pain, feeling nervous/tense, difficulty concentrating, depressed mood, difficulty sleeping, and night sweats (p ? 0.001); for non-Maya, the PSS score was significantly associated with the intensity of the same symptoms except for night sweats. Among the Maya, the association between the PSS score and hot flashes approached significance (p = 0.002). CRPPlasma levels were not associated with symptoms among the Maya or non-Maya. EBV-Ab values were not significantly associated with any reported symptom intensity among the Maya or non-Maya.